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盤點(diǎn)四六級英語考試常見語法錯(cuò)誤
四六級考試將至,小團(tuán)為大家準(zhǔn)備了一些小貼士,希望對大家的考試有幫助。
主謂不一致,人稱與動詞不符。例如:
My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (誤)
My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正)
上面例句中,主語是My sister ,為第三人稱,所以謂語動詞應(yīng)該用第三人稱單數(shù)形式goes才正確,這種主謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤在寫作中是很常見的問題,稍一疏忽就會犯,考生需要更加細(xì)心才行。
句子成分殘缺不全,語句不通。例如:
We should read books may be useful to us. (誤)
We should read books which may be useful to us. (正)
這是一個(gè)定語從句的例句,其中which在從句中做的是主語,所以不能省略,一旦省略就會造成句子成分殘缺,考試中大家在寫完一句話時(shí)要記得讀一遍看看通不通順。
句子成分多余,累贅復(fù)雜。例如:
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. (誤)
One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正)
這一句的錯(cuò)誤有點(diǎn)中式英語的味道,逐字逐句對應(yīng)翻譯,there is 放在這里,累贅而又繁瑣。
動詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的誤用,前后不一致。例如:
I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. (誤)
I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正)
這個(gè)例句中前面是was walking ,所以后面也要用相應(yīng)的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)were,同一個(gè)句子里,沒有特殊情況,前后時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)要保持一致的。
We have little time to read some books which we interest. (誤)
We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. (正)
這一句也可以說是定語從句語法錯(cuò)誤,be interested in是我們都知道的固定搭配,所以它后面跟賓語一定要有介詞in,所以從句引導(dǎo)詞要用 in which 。
詞類混淆,詞性不明。例如:
It is my point that reading must be selectively. (誤)
In my opinion, reading must be selective. (正)
這句中,be 后面是形容 reading 的意思,所以要用到一個(gè)形容詞,而selectively明顯是一個(gè)副詞。
名詞可數(shù)與不可數(shù)的錯(cuò)誤。例如:
In modern society, people are under various pressures(誤)
In modern society, people are under various kinds of pressure. (正)
pressure是一種無形的但是有很多種類的事物,所以不能直接在后面加復(fù)數(shù)s,但是要形容他多,各種各樣后面加一個(gè)種類kinds of 就正確表達(dá)出了復(fù)數(shù)形式。
及物動詞與不及物動詞的誤用。例如:
The traffic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways. (誤)
The traffic accident took place at the junction of two highways. (正)
發(fā)生是一個(gè)主動的過程,沒有什么事是被發(fā)生的,所以不能用was taken place 。
情態(tài)動詞的誤用。例如:
They should spent much time. (誤)
They should spend much time. (正)
情態(tài)動詞后面常常跟動詞原形,所以spend要用原型。
動賓搭配不當(dāng)。例如:
We must pay attention to it and make solutions to the problem. (誤)
We must pay attention and find a solution to the problem. (正)
There be句型的誤用。例如:
There exists some new problems such as being dishonest. (誤)
There exist/arise some new problems such as being dishonest. (正)
There be句型中動詞一般用原型,exist/arise 不需要變成第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
預(yù)祝大家考試順利!
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