2016職稱英語閱讀判斷搶分攻略
題目是若干個(gè)陳述句(statement),要求根據(jù)原文所給的信息,判斷每個(gè)陳述句是對(duì)(Right)、錯(cuò)(Wrong),還是未提及(Not Mentioned)。
這種題型的難度在于,在對(duì)和錯(cuò)之外還有第三種狀態(tài):未提及。很多同學(xué)難以區(qū)分“錯(cuò)”和“未提及”。
實(shí)際上,這種題型本身有一定缺陷,即不嚴(yán)密,有些題目很難自圓其說,但大多數(shù)題目還是有規(guī)律可循的,同學(xué)們應(yīng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面的方法和規(guī)律,爭取做對(duì)大多數(shù)的題目。
第一步:尋找關(guān)鍵詞回歸定位,找出題目在原文中的出處
一是準(zhǔn)確確定題目中的關(guān)鍵詞,然后尋找關(guān)鍵詞在文章中所在的句子及段落。
二是從頭到尾快速閱讀該段落,根據(jù)題目中的其他關(guān)鍵詞,在原文中找出與題目相關(guān)的一句話或幾句話。
三是仔細(xì)閱讀這一句話或幾句話,根據(jù)第二大步中的原則和規(guī)律,確定正確答案。
四是注意順序性,即題目的順序和原文的順序基本一致。
第二步:判斷,根據(jù)下列原則和規(guī)律,確定正確答案
(一)選擇Right有以下兩種情況
1第一種情況:題目是原文的同義改寫。
通常用同義詞或同義結(jié)構(gòu)。
[例1]
[原文]Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 years ago.
[譯文]80多年前在歐洲和美國首次發(fā)現(xiàn)讀寫困難癥。
[題目]The first cases of dyslexia in Europe were discovered less than a century ago.
[譯文]在歐洲首次發(fā)現(xiàn)讀寫困難癥不早于一個(gè)世紀(jì)。
[解釋]題目中discover, less than a century ago與原文中的recognize, more than 80 years ago是同義表達(dá),因此答案應(yīng)為Right.
[例2]
[原文]Dinosaurs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise.
[譯文]恐龍失去了生存下來的生態(tài)競爭能力,生物學(xué)家不能解釋它們的.滅亡。
[題目]Biologists are unable to explain why Dinosaurs are dying.
[譯文]生物學(xué)家不能解釋為什么恐龍滅亡。
[解釋]題目中的are unable to與原文中的are at a loss to是同義詞,題目中的why Dinosaurs are dying與原文中的their demise是同義詞,所以答案應(yīng)為Right.
[例3]
[原文]Women could not take part and were forbidden, on pain of death,even to attend the Games.
[譯文]婦女不能參加甚至被禁止出席這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。
[題目]The spectators, as well as the participants, of the ancient Olympics were male.
[譯文]古代奧運(yùn)會(huì)的觀眾和運(yùn)動(dòng)員都是男的。
[解釋]題目中的spectators與原文中的attend是同義詞,題目中的participants與原文中的take part是同義詞,所以答案應(yīng)為Right.
2第二種情況:題目是根據(jù)原文中的幾句話推斷或歸納而成。
這種情況有一定的難度。需要根據(jù)原文中的幾句話作出推斷或歸納。不推斷不行,但有時(shí)有些同學(xué)會(huì)走入另一極端,即自行推理或過度推理。
[例1]
[原文]However, research has shown that dyslexia is more common in males than in females, and it is found more of ten in persons who are left-handed.
[譯文]但是研究表明,男性患讀寫困難癥者多于女性,而且在左撇子中尤為常見。
[題目]Generally speaking, dyslexia is more common in left-handed males than in right-handed females.
[譯文]通常來講,患讀寫困難癥的左撇子男性要比右撇子女性更為常見。
[解釋]
故答案為Right.
[例2]
[原文]Before the widespread use of computers, the information either reached managers too late or was too expensive to be used. Today, the information provided by computers helps managers compare standards with actual results, find out problems, and take corrective action before it is too late to make changes.
[譯文]計(jì)算機(jī)廣泛應(yīng)用之前,信息要么到達(dá)經(jīng)理處太遲,要么費(fèi)用太貴而用不起。今天,計(jì)算機(jī)提供的信息能夠幫助經(jīng)營者比較標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與實(shí)際結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,并及時(shí)采取糾正措施。
[題目]Equipped with computers, managers today operate their firms with higher efficiency and less cost than they used to.
[譯文]配備了計(jì)算機(jī)之后,經(jīng)營者能比過去更為高效,更低成本地管理公司。
[解釋]顯而易見,題目對(duì)比了managers過去和現(xiàn)在的狀況,是對(duì)原文的總結(jié)與歸納,故答案為Right.
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