2016年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)C級(jí)試題及答案
第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有橫線(xiàn)，請(qǐng)為每處劃線(xiàn)部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。
1 I'd very much like to know what your aim in life is
A thought B idea
C goal D plan
2 The policemen acted quickly because lives were at stake.
A in danger B in difficulty
C in despair D out of control
3 Practically all animals communicate either through sounds or through soundless codes.
A Certainly B Probably
C Almost D Absolutely
4 Mary rarely speaks to Susan.
A slowly B seldom
C weakly D constantly
5 I'm working with a guy from London.
A teacher B student
C friend D man
6 You'd better put these documents in a safe place
A dark B secure
C guarded D banned
7 The courageous boy has been the subject of massive media coverage
A extensive B continuous
C instant D quick
8 The town is famous for its magnificent buildings
A high-rise B modern
C ancient D splendid
9 The great change of the city astonished all the visitors
A surprised B scared
C excited D moved
10 Jack packed up all the things he had accumulated over the last ten years
A future B far
C past D near
11 Would you please call my husband as soon as possible?
A visit B phone
C consult D invite
12 We had a long conversation about her parents.
A speech B question
C talk D debate
13 The chairman proposed that we stop the meeting
A stated B announced
C demanded D suggested
14 Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis
A lived on B depended on
C believed in D joined in
15 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a record
A beats B maintains
C matches D tries
第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C.
Importance of Children's Oral Health
February is National Children's Dental (牙齒的)Health Month，but in children good oral care is critical every day. The first comprehensive study on the nation's oral health，released recently by the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General，calls dental and oral diseases a “silent epidemic (流行病)，” even in children. The report states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental-related illness. In fact，a recent study pointed to dental care as the most common unmet health need among American children.
To help counter this，the American Academy of Periodontology (牙周病學(xué))(AAP)is launching an effort to educate children and parents about the prevention of dental diseases in children.
“This is important because oral problems can impact self-esteem for children and lead to problems of eating，speaking and attending to learning，” said Michael McGuire，president of the AAP.
Common dental problems seen in children are cavities (齲洞)and gingivitis (齦牙)，which are found in the majority of U.S. children. “When these problems are not caught early and treated，they can develop into more severe problems and cause unnecessary suffering，” said McGuire “However，much of the time，oral problems are avoidable problems.”
In the Rio Grande Valley in Texas，a group of more than 120 dentists volunteers to deliver dental care to thousands of low-income children each year with its Mobile Dental Unit that travels from school to school.
“According to the Surgeon General's Report，about 37 percent of children have not had a dental visit before starting school，” said McGuire. “When children don't see dentists they miss the opportunity to have problems caught early before they develop into larger，more expensive problems to treat，and parents miss the opportunity to learn how to promote good oral habits in their children.”
16 Only in February should attention be paid to children's oral health
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 Dental and oral diseases are common in both adults and children
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 Boys miss more school hours each year due to dental-related illness
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 Oral problems in children can develop into more severe problems.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 Oral problems can not be avoided in any way
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 The low-income children are very grateful to the dentists.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 Some children have never seen a dentist before starting school.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1～4段每段1選擇個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題;(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
Understanding Autism
1 Autism (孤獨(dú)癥)is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see，hear，and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships，communication，and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly '(費(fèi)力地)learn normal patterns of speech and communication，and appropriate ways to relate to people，objects，and events，in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke.
2 The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic (遺傳的)factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several “causes”。
3 Most people with mental retardation (智力遲鈍的)show relatively even skill development. Individuals with autism，however，typically show uneven skill development，with deficits (~欠缺)in certain areas - most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others - and distinct skills in other areas. It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation or other disorders，since diagnostic (診斷的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques.
4 In general，individuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and involve a degree of repetition. Some people who have autism are working as artists，piano tuners，painters，farm workers，office workers，computer operators，dishwashers，assembly line workers，or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.
23 Paragraph 1
24 Paragraph 2
25 Paragraph 3
26 Paragraph 4
A What causes autism?
B How common is autism?
C Does autism occur together with other disabilities?
D Whutism?
F What kinds ofat is the difference between autism and mental retardation?
E What is a jobs can individuals with autism do?
27 Individuals with autism are particularly weak at
28 It is possible that autism happens as a result of
29 Autism and mental retardation should be treated with
30 A typical feature of people with autism is their uneven
A different techniques
B social relationships and communication
C language and information
D several causes working together
E a degree of repetition
F skill development
第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
第一篇 Calling for Safe Celebrations
Last Fourth of July，Pete，a 14-year-old boy，was enjoying the lit-up skies and loud booms from the fireworks (煙花)being set off in his neighborhood. Suddenly，the evening took a terrible turn. A bottle rocket shot into his eye，immediately causing him terrible pain His family rushed him to the emergency room for treatment. As a result of the injury，Pete developed glaucoma (青光眼)and cataracts (白內(nèi)障)。 Today，Pete has permanent vision loss in his injured eye because of his bottle rocket injury.
June is Fireworks Eye Safety Awareness Month，and through its EyeSmart campaign the American Academy of Ophthalmology (眼科學(xué))wants to remind consumers to leave fireworks to professionals (專(zhuān)業(yè)人員)。 “There is nothing worse than a Fourth of July celebration ruined by someone being hit in the eye with a bottle rocket，” said Dr John C. Hagan，clinical correspondent for the Academy and an ophthalmologist at Discover Vision Centers in Kansas City. “A safe celebration means letting trained professionals handle fireworks while you enjoy the show.”
According to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission，more than 9，000 fireworks-related injuries happen each year. Of these，nearly-half are head-related injuries，with nearly 30 percent of these injuries to the eye. One-fourth of fireworks eye injuries result in permanent vision loss or blindness. Children are the most common victims of firework abuse (傷害)，with those fifteen years old or younger accounting for 50 percent of fireworks eye injuries in the United States. Dr Hagan estimates that his practice sees more than 30 injuries each year from fireworks.
Even fireworks that many people consider safe represent a threat to the eyes. For children under the age of five，apparently harmless sparklers (花炮)account for one-third of all fireworks injuries. Sparklers can burn at nearly 2，000 degrees Fahrenheit (華氏)。
31 What happened to Pete last Fourth of July?
A He was burned in a house fire.
B He was hurt in a fight.
C He was caught in a heavy rain.
D He was hit in the eye
32 The American Academy of Ophthalmology calls on consumers to
A stop celebrating the Fourth of July
B celebrate the Fourth of July with fireworks.
C set off fireworks together with trained professionals.
D leave fireworks to professionals in their celebrations.
33 How many fireworks eye injuries occur in the US each year?
A About 9000.
B About 4500.
C About 1350.
D About 30.
34 Fireworks eye injuries can lead to all of the following EXCEPT
A blindness.
B hand-related injuries.
C permanent vision loss.
D glaucoma and cataracts.
35 Which is NOT true of sparklers?
A They are harmless to very young children.
B They are considered safe by many people.
C They are a threat to the eyes.
D They can burn at very high degrees Fahrenheit
第二篇 Shopping at Second-hand Clothing Stores
When 33-year-old Pete Barth was in college，shopping at second-hand clothing stores was just something he did - “like changing the tires on his car.” He looked at his budget and decided he could save a lot of money by shopping for clothes at thrift shops.
“Even new clothes are fairly disposable (可丟掉的)and wear out after a couple of years，” Barth said. “In thrift shops，you can find some great stuff whose quality is better than new clothes.”
Since then，Barth，who works at a Goodwill thrift shop in the US state of Florida，has found that there are all kinds of reasons for shopping for second-hand clothing. Some people，like him，shop to save money. Some shop for a crazy-looking shirt. And some shop as a means of conserving energy and helping the environment.
Pat Akins，an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army (SA)(救世軍)thrift shop，said that，for her，shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment.
“When my daughter was little，we looked at it as recycling，” Akins said. “Also，why pay 30 dollars for a new coat when you can get another one for a lot less?”
Akins said that the SA has shops all over the US - “some as big as department stores.” All of the clothes are donated (捐贈(zèng))，and when they have a surplus (盈余)，they'll have “stuff a bag” specials，where customers can fill a grocery sack With clothes for only 5 or 10 dollars.
Julia Slocum，22，points out，however，that the huge amount of second-hand clothing in the US is the result of American wastefulness.
I'd say that second-hand stores are the result of our wasteful，materialistic culture，“ said Slocum，who works for a pro-conservation organization，the Center for a New American Dream. ”Thrift shops prevent that waste from going to landfills (垃圾填埋場(chǎng)); they give clothing a second life，provide cheaper clothing for those who can't afford new ones and generate (生成)income for charities. They also provide a way for the wealthy and middle classes to shed (擺脫)some of the guilt for their level of consumption.“
36 Which statement about Barth is NOT true?
A He is 33 years old now.
B He works at a Goodwill thrift shop.
C He works at a Salvation Army thrift shop.
D He was a college student many years ago
37 When Barth was a college student，he often shopped at thrift shops
A to save money.
B to save energy.
C to help the environment.
D to make friends with poor people.
38 What does Akins do?
A She is a soldier.
B She is an accountant
C She is a saleswoman.
D She is a road sweeper.
39 Thrift shops can do everything EXCEPT
A give clothing a second life.
B generate income for charities.
C provide cheaper clothes for the poor
D stop rich people from wasting money
40 The word “thrift ”in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by
A charity.
B one dollar.
C first class.
D two dollars.
第三篇 College Night Owls Have Lower Grades
College students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls (晚睡的人)，according to University of North Texas researchers.
They had 824 undergraduate(大學(xué)本科生的)students complete a health survey that included questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning，and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages (GPAs)than those who are night people.
“The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding，sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future，along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep，” study co-author Daniel J. Taylor said in a prepared statement.
“Further，these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (時(shí)間療法)to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types，“ Taylor said.
The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP，the annual meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies，in Baltimore.
In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting，University of Colorado researchers found a significant association .between insomnia (失眠)and a decline in college students' academic performance.
The study included 64 psychology，nursing and medical students，average age 27.4 years，who were divided into two groups - low GPAs and high GPAs.
Among those with low GPAs，69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep，53.1 percent experienced leg kicks or twitches (痙攣)at night，65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep，and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day.
“In college students，the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom，” study author Dr James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. “This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student's academic performance，including GPAs.”
41 In the first study，students who stay up late
A had lower GPAs
B had higher GPAs.
C performed equally well in their studies.
D had little difficulty concentrating during the day
42 Mr. Taylor believed that the finding of their study would soon
A be criticized by psychology students.
B be confirmed by psychological studies.
C be included in undergraduate psychology texts.
D become the most popular psychology text.
43 The passage indicates that chronotherapy can be used to help people to
A forget their troubles.
B improve their image.
C better their social relationships.
D readjust their biological clock.
44 In the second study，students with low GPAs did NOT complain of
A having trouble falling asleep.
B waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep.
C having difficulty concentrating during the day.
D being kicked in the leg at night.
45 According to Dr Pagel，the academic performance of a student will be affected
A if he or she is not motivated.
B if he or she is troubled by disordered sleep.
C if he or she is a morning type.
D if he or she is a lazy person.
第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)
下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。
A Bad Idea
Think you can walk，drive，take phone calls，e-mail and listen to music at the same time? Well，New York's new law says you can't.(46)The law went into force last month，following research and a shocking number of accidents that involved people using electronic gadgets (小巧機(jī)械)when crossing the street.
Who's to blame?(47)“We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can，” says Rene Marois，a neuroscientist (神經(jīng)科學(xué)家)in Tennessee. “But a core limitation is the inability to concentrate on two things at once.”
The young people are often considered the great multi-taskers.(48)，A group of 18- to 21-year-olds and a group of 35- to 39-year-olds were given 90 seconds to translate images into numbers，using a simple code.(49)But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call or an instant message，the older group matched the younger group in speed and accuracy.
It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. But it is probably a lot. Jonathan Spira，chief analyst at Basex，a business-research firm，estimates the cost of interruptions to the American economy at nearly $650 billion a year.(50)The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers' time was spent on interruptions and recovery time before they returned to their main tasks.
A Talking on a cell phone while driving brings you joy anyway
B The estimate is based on surveys with office workers
C The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted
D However，an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question.
E Scientists say that our multitasking (多任務(wù)處理)abilities are limited
F And you'll be fined $100 if you do so on a New York City street.
第6部分：完形填空(第51～55題，每題1分，共15分)
下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
Exercise Cuts Cancer Deaths in Men
Men who exercise often are less likely to die from cancer than those who(51)，new research published in the British Journal of Cancer revealed yesterday.
A team of scientists from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden looked(52)the effect of physical activity and cancer risk in 40，708 men aged(53) 45 and 79.
The seven-year study found that men(54)walked or cycled for at least 30 minutes a day had a 34 per cent lower(55)of dying from cancer than the men who did less exercise or nothing at all.(56)the period studied，3，714 men developed cancer and 1，153 died from the disease. The researchers suggest that half an hour's walking(57) cycling a day increased survival among these men by 33 per cent.
The researchers surveyed men from two counties in central Sweden about their lifestyle and the amount of(58)activity they were usually doing. They then scored these responses and compared the results with data on cancer diagnosis and
death officially recorded in a central cancer registry (登記簿)over a seven-year (59). Lead author，Professor Alicja Wolk，said：“These results clearly show for the first time the effect that very simple and basic daily(60)such as walking or cycling has in reducing cancer death risk in middle-aged and elderly (61)。”
Dr Lesley Walker，director of cancer information at Cancer Research UK，said：“This study gives us a clear indication that men who exercise are less(62) to die from cancer，and that they are more likely to(63)the disease if they get it. It's not entirely clear from this study what role exercise plays in preventing(64)in men，but we do know that a healthy lifestyle can prevent up to half of all cancers - and (65)exercise forms a key part of this.”
51 A didn't B don't C won't D can't
52 A on B of C at D by
53 A from B between C at D about
54 A which B whom C who D what
55 A rush B turn C risk D fall
56 A During B Since C Despite D Between
57 A along B but C or D with
58 A mental B physical C emotional D artistic
59 A rank B list C age D period
60 A exercise B life C work D style
61 A women B men C patients D couples
62 A easy B able C likely D apparent
63 A lose B miss C treat D survive
64 A trouble B cancer C mistakes D accidents
65 A random B rare C regular D rough
【參考答案】
1 C 2 A 3 C 4 B 5 D
6 B 7 A 8 D 9 A 10 C
11 B 12 C 13 D 14 B 15 A
16 B 17 A 18 C 19 A 20 B
21 C 22 A 23 E 24 A 25 D
26 F 27 B 28 D 29 A 30 F
31 D 32 D 33 C 34 B 35 A
36 C 37 A 38 B 39 D 40 A
41 A 42 C 43 D 44 D 45 B
46 F 47 E 48 D 49 C 50 B
51 B 52 C 53 B 54 C 55 C
56 A 57 C 58 B 59 D 60 A
61 B 62 C 63 D 64 B 65 C
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