公共英語一級閱讀理解模擬試題及答案

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公共英語一級閱讀理解模擬試題及答案

　　模擬試題一：

公共英語一級閱讀理解模擬試題及答案

　　Antinuclear Demonstration

　　Police fired tear gas and arrested more than 5，000 passively resisting protestors Friday in an attempt to break up the largest antinuclear demonstration ever staged in the United States. More than 135，000 demonstrators confronted police on the construction site of a 1，000-megawatt nuclear power plant scheduled to provide power to most of southern New Hampshire. Organizers of the huge demonstration said， the protest was continuing despite the police actions. More demonstrators were arriving to keep up the pressure on state authorities to cancel the project. The demonstrator had charged that the project was unsafe in the densely populated area， would create thermal pollution in the bay， and had no acceptable means for disposing of its radioactive wasters. The demonstrations would go on until the jails and the courts were so overloaded that the state judicial system would collapse.

　　Governor Stanforth Thumper insisted that there would be no reconsideration of the power project and no delay in its construction set for completion in three years. “This project will begin on time and the people of this state will begin to receive its benefits on schedule. Those who break the law in misguided attempts to sabotage the project will be dealt with according to the law，” he said. And police called in reinforcements from all over the state to handle the disturbances.

　　The protests began before dawn Friday when several thousand demonstrators broke through police lines around the cordoned-off construction site. They carried placards that read “No Nukes is Good Nukes，” “Sunpower， Not Nuclear Power，” and “Stop Private Profits from Public Peril.” They defied police order to move from the area. Tear gas canisters fired by police failed to dislodge the protestors who had come prepared with their own gas masks or facecloths. Finally gas-masked and helmeted police charged into the crowd to drag off the demonstrators one by one. The protestors did not resist police， but refused to walk away under their own power. Those arrested would be charged with unlawful assembly， trespassing， and disturbing the peace.

　　1. What were the demonstrators protesting about?

　　[A]Private profits.

　　[B]Nuclear Power Station.

　　[C]The project of nuclear power construction.

　　[D]Public peril.

　　2. Who had gas-masks?

　　[A]Everybody.

　　[B]A part of the protestors.

　　[C]Policemen.

　　[D]Both B and C.

　　3. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason for the demonstration?

　　[A]Public transportation.

　　[B]Public peril.

　　[C]Pollution.

　　[D]Disposal of wastes.

　　4. With whom were the jails and courts overloaded?

　　[A]With prisoners.

　　[B]With arrested demonstrators.

　　[C]With criminals.

　　[D]With protestors.

　　5. What is the attitude of Governor Stanforth Thumper toward the power project and the demonstration?

　　[A]stubborn.

　　[B]insistent.

　　[C]insolvable.

　　[D]remissible.

　　Vocabulary

　　1.reverse 逆轉

　　2.slide 滑坡

　　3.plague 瘟疫；折磨，困擾

　　4.tariff 關稅

　　5.decry 譴責，詆毀

　　6.lever 杠桿；用杠桿撬動

　　7.crux 癥結

　　8.ideologue 空想家，思想家

　　9.intact 原封不動的，完整無損的

　　10.investment credit 投資信貸

　　11.research grant 研究基金

　　寫作方法與文章大意

　　這是一則有關反對核電站的群眾抗議的新聞導報，采用對比手法。警方鎮(zhèn)壓；群眾堅決抗議。第一段就寫出了盡管警方釋放催淚瓦斯，逮捕了5000多人，組織者申明抗議要繼續(xù)下去，越來越多的抗議者參與對當局加壓，想迫使其廢除在當?shù)亟⒑穗娬镜挠媱�。其理由是在人口密集地區(qū)建站不安全，在海灣產(chǎn)生熱污染，核廢料處理無有效方法。第二段敘述了州長大人堅決維護核電站的立場，不再考慮計劃修改問題，三年內(nèi)要完成核電站建設。屆時，本州人民得益。對企圖破壞計劃實施而違法的人將以法處置。已集結全州警察加強對付這次搗亂。第三段講了雙方現(xiàn)場交戰(zhàn)：星期五破曉，數(shù)千者（高舉牌，上寫：沒有核電站就是好的核電站；不要核能，要太陽能等）沖過建設基地警察警戒線，警察用催淚瓦斯無效后，開始一個一個地抓逮者，被捕者將被控以非法集會、侵入和擾亂治安等罪名。

　　答案詳解

　　1. C 抗議建設核電站計劃。不是抗議核電站。

　　至于B. 核電站還未建，所以不對。

　　A. 私人利益和

　　D. 公共危險，這些都是牌上之口號不是抗議的主攻方向。

　　2. D 雙方。最后一段第四行最后和第五行“抗議者準備了他們自己的防毒面具或面罩。最后，頭戴防毒面具和頭盔的警察沖進人群一個一個地抓逮者�！彼哉f兩方面都有防毒面具。

　　3. A 公共交通運輸。

　　B. 公共危險。

　　C. 污染。

　　D. 廢料處理，是三個抗議的理由。

　　4. B 被逮捕的者。第一段最后一行“要繼續(xù)下去直到州監(jiān)牢和州法庭人滿為患，從而使州司法體系垮臺�！闭f明者準備去坐牢，決不服輸?shù)臎Q心。而人多到監(jiān)牢裝不下證明州司法的問題。所以這里只能是被抓的者。

　　A. 犯人。

　　C. 罪犯。

　　D.抗議者。警察不可能抓所有的抗議者。關在牢里的.只能是被抓的者。

　　5. A 固執(zhí)己見，冥頑不化。見第二段他堅持說核電站計劃不用再考慮，三年內(nèi)一定要建成，計劃準時開始，本州人民到時候就能獲益。對這些違法企圖破壞計劃的人依法懲處。并且從州內(nèi)各處調(diào)集警察來處理這次“騷亂”。從語言到行動都說明，這位州長固執(zhí)己見，頑固得很。

　　B. 堅持的。

　　C. 不能解決的。

　　D. 可寬恕的。

　　模擬試題二：

　　Superconducting Materials

　　The stone age， The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superstuff. Material science —— once the least sexy technology - is bursting with new， practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture： from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth， the world will someday be made of different stuff. Exotic plastics， glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.

　　The key to the new materials is researchers‘ increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics， for example， have long been limited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it， scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel. A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode.

　　A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges， ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars， touch sensors for robot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter， which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape， has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rings for example， gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight. Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass. Besides， composites - plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds - made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved in combat： a helmet saved an infantryman‘s life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.

　　Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.

　　But new materials have no impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult， for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a country in the near future.

　　1. How many new materials are mentioned in this passage?

　　[A]Two

　　[B]Three

　　[C]Four

　　[D]Five

　　2. Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?

　　[A]To compare them with the new materials.

　　[B]To show the significance of the new materials on the future world.

　　[C]To compare the new materials to them.

　　[D]To explain his view point.

　　3. Why is transition difficult?

　　[A]Because transition requires money and time.

　　[B]Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.

　　[C]Because research on new materials is very difficult.

　　[D]Because it takes 10 years.

　　4. Where lies success of a country in the New Age of superstuff?

　　[A]It lies in research.

　　[B]It lies in investment.

　　[C]It lies in innovation.

　　[D]It lies in application.

　　Vocabulary

　　1. superstuff 超級材料

　　2.superconducting ceramic 超導陶瓷

　　3. exotic 神奇的

　　4. shape 塑造，成型

　　5. brittleness 脆性

　　6. polymer 聚合體

　　7. karate jacket 空手道外衣

　　8. touch sensor 觸及傳感器

　　9. each punch and chop 每一個擊、打

　　10. blot 玷污，損害風景的東西

　　11. tinker 修補，調(diào)整

　　12. amendable 服從于，遵循的

　　13. biodegradable 能生物遞減分解的

　　14. six-pack rings 放六個罐子的環(huán)狀物

　　15. decompose 分解

　　16. recyclable 可循環(huán)（使用的）

　　17. infantryman 步兵

　　18. deflect 使偏斜，使轉向

　　19. a new twist 一個新的觀點，方法

　　答案詳解

　　1.B 三種超導材料。答案再第一段最后一句“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷”。下面各段具體講這三種材料。第二段講陶瓷：“新材料之關鍵在于研究工作者不斷提高在分子水平上處理物質的能力。舉陶瓷為例，由于它的脆性，長期來應用范圍有限。但是通過改善導致脆性的微小缺陷，科學家制造出一種保持原有硬度和抗熱性，但堅實得多的陶瓷”。第三段講塑料�！邦愃频霓D折發(fā)生在塑料上，高強度的塑料建成了橋梁、溜冰場、直升機的葉輪。一種震動或推動就能發(fā)電的新型塑料用于電子吉他上，觸及傳感塑料用于機械手和空手道外衣上，它能自動記錄每次擊打。”后面談及塑料垃圾可以處理，或者制造可分解還原的塑料制品。塑料內(nèi)加入其他化合物加強性能。第四段講有些高級材料由新的改變，最新的光纖電纜由玻璃制成，透明度極高，100英里厚的一塊其清晰度比一塊普通窗玻璃還高。

　　2.B 說明這種新材料對未來世界的意義。答案在第一段：“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷一定會象生物工程和計算機一樣將改變世界�！�

　　A.把它們和新材料相比較，這里不僅僅是比較，而是說明三者都具同樣的作用——改變世界。

　　C.把新材料比作它們。也不僅僅是比喻比擬。與A一樣沒有說到核心電。

　　D.說明他的觀點。太籠統(tǒng)。

　　3.A 轉折需要錢和時間。見最后一段“可是新材料只有制成產(chǎn)品才有影響，而這個轉折可能很困難，因為轉折需要長期的研究和投資�？梢赃@么說，在不久的將來，更牢牢地掌握如何把材料轉變成商品將決定一個國家之成敗。”

　　B.因為許多制造商不愿改變他們的設備。

　　C.因為新材料的研究非常困難。

　　D.轉折要華上十年時間。這三項文內(nèi)沒有涉及。

　　4.D 在超級材料時代已過之成功在于應用。

　　A.在于研究

　　B.在于投資。

　　C.在于革新。這三項都是應用的部分前提。其中A和B文內(nèi)提到，C項文內(nèi)未涉及。