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大學(xué)英語專四詞匯語法模擬試題1

時(shí)間:2022-08-04 20:13:16 英語試題 我要投稿
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2014年大學(xué)英語專四詞匯語法模擬試題1

  這期我們要來學(xué)習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)的用法,當(dāng)然包括了大家最關(guān)心的虛擬語氣.

2014年大學(xué)英語專四詞匯語法模擬試題1

  1. may和might+ 動(dòng)詞完成式

  此結(jié)構(gòu)用于推測(cè)過去的行為。例如:

  She said that he might have missed the plane.她說他可能誤了航班。

  2. can和could+ 動(dòng)詞完成式

  A. 表示過去能做而沒做的事,有一種對(duì)過去未付諸實(shí)施的事情的惋惜。例如:

  In those circumstances we could have done better.

  在那樣的情況下,我們本來可以做得更好的。(但沒有做得更好)

  B. 推測(cè)過去的某種行動(dòng)。

  Where can /could she have gone? 她可能到哪里去了呢?

  The boy can’t have finished reading the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult.

  這孩子不可能那么快就把這本書讀完的,因?yàn)榧词箤?duì)一個(gè)成人來說,這本書也是相當(dāng)難的。

  Note:

  can’t和couldn’t+ 動(dòng)詞原形可以用來表示否定推斷。例如:

  He can’t be over fifty.他不可能超過50歲。

  3.must +動(dòng)詞完成式

  表示對(duì)過去行為的推斷,具有較大的可能性,意為“一定…,想必…”。例如:

  She must have gone through a lot.

  她一定吃過很多苦。

  Note:

  must+動(dòng)詞原形→對(duì)現(xiàn)在的推測(cè),must be+現(xiàn)在分詞→對(duì)未來或現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的推測(cè)。例如:

  She looks happy; she must be having a good time.

  4. needn’t+動(dòng)詞完成式和didn’t need to do

  A. needn’t+動(dòng)詞完成式表示一種已經(jīng)做過的但并無必要的行為。例如:

  You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.

  你本來不必澆花的,因?yàn)樘煲掠炅恕?但卻澆了)

  We needn’t have told him the news because he knew it already.

  B. didn’t need (have) to do結(jié)構(gòu)表示沒有必要做某事,實(shí)際上也沒有做。例如:

  I didn’t need to clean the windows. My sister did it.

  我不必擦窗,我妹妹擦了。(我沒有擦)

  5. should +動(dòng)詞完成式

  A.此結(jié)構(gòu)的肯定式表示應(yīng)該做的事而沒有做,否定式表示某種行為不該發(fā)生但卻發(fā)生了。例如:

  You should have given her more help.

  你應(yīng)該多給她一些幫助的。(但沒有給)

  B. 表示推測(cè),意為“可能”,但可能性較小。例如:

  He should have finished the work by now.

  他現(xiàn)在該把工作完成了。(推測(cè))

  C. should / would have thought意為“本以為,本認(rèn)為”。例如:

  A: "Can you type?"

  B: "Certainly."

  A: "Well, I should have thought you wouldn’t."

  I should have thought she wouldn’t agree.

  我本來認(rèn)為她不會(huì)同意的。

  D. should have thought有時(shí)意為“認(rèn)為,以為”,相當(dāng)于should think,但表示更為委婉、謙遜或不肯定的語氣。例如:

  I should have thought it fairly good.

  我以為它是很不錯(cuò)的。

  E. should have + 過去分詞用于虛擬語氣:

  Had you written him, you should have known the details.

  6. ought to + 動(dòng)詞完成式

  此結(jié)構(gòu)表示某種過去應(yīng)該做而沒有做的事,或被忽略未做的某種明智行為。例如:

  You ought to have returned the book earlier.(還晚了)

  You ought to have refused her at the beginning, but now it is too late.

  Note:

  這里的ought to也可以用should代替。

  Homework:用給出的動(dòng)詞填空,注意要選用正確的助動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài).

  1.The boy____ the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult. (read)

  2.We___him the news because he knew it already. (tell)

  3.If we had taken the other road, we ____earlier. (arrive)

  4.I _____you might take this into consideration. (think)

  5.You ____ her at the beginning, but now it is too late.(refuse)

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