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成人高考高起點(diǎn)《英語》誤用講解:被動(dòng)語態(tài)

時(shí)間:2021-01-08 17:57:53 成人高考 我要投稿

2016成人高考高起點(diǎn)《英語》誤用講解:被動(dòng)語態(tài)

  1、中文:他們結(jié)婚兩年了。

  (誤)They have married for two years.

  (正)They have been married for two years.(表示已婚狀態(tài)的`持續(xù),要用完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)式。)

  2、中文:他被所有學(xué)生嘲笑。

  (誤)He was laughed by all the pupils.

  (正)He was laughed at by all the pupils.(不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞=及物動(dòng)詞,變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)介詞不能省略。)

  3、中文:英語難學(xué)。

  (誤)English is difficult to be learned.

  (正)English is difficult to learn.(英語難學(xué)=學(xué)英語難,也可說It's difficult to learn English.原句的主語實(shí)際上是不定式的邏輯賓語,不定式要用主動(dòng)形式。)

  4、中文:湯姆問我這些島嶼是否屬于美國。

  (誤)Tom asked me if these islands are belonged to America.

  (正)Tom asked me if these islands belonged to America.

  5、中文:中國發(fā)生了很大變化。

  (誤)Great changes have been taken place in China.

  (正)Great changes have taken place in China.

  6、中文:戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)于一九三七年爆發(fā)。

  (誤)The war was broken out in 1937.

  (正)The war broke out in 1937.(take place,break out,happen,belong to等不及物動(dòng)詞或短語動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。)

  7、中文:我看不清黑板。也許你需要檢查你的眼睛。

  (誤)I can't see the blackboard very well.Perhaps you need to examine your eyes.

  (正)I can't see the blackboard very well.Perhaps you need to have your eyes examined.(表示使某物被別人…,通常使用have或get+物+過去分詞表示。)

  8、中文:他命令馬上開始工作。

  (誤)He ordered the work to start at once.

  (正)He ordered the work to be started at once.(不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時(shí),若與賓語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,要用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。)

  9、中文:他試圖不介入政治。

  (誤)He tried not to have mixed up in politics.

  (正)He tried not to get mixed up in politics.(get作系動(dòng)詞,可代替be,后接過去分詞表示被動(dòng),have無此功能。)

  10、中文:據(jù)說他很富有。

  (誤)They say him to have been rich.

  (正)He is said to have been rich.(say后不可接不定式,但它的被動(dòng)語態(tài)后可接不定式。)

  11、中文:那人被認(rèn)為是個(gè)傻子。

  (誤)The man thought to be a fool.

  (正)The man was thought to be a fool.(主語是動(dòng)作的承受者而不是發(fā)出者,用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。)

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