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考研英語(yǔ)必背長(zhǎng)難詞
英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的難度是遞增的，小學(xué)是培養(yǎng)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)興趣和行為習(xí)慣的階段，而進(jìn)入初中之后，才是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)真正的入門(mén)階段，從基礎(chǔ)的詞匯到復(fù)雜的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)，都是需要從“0”開(kāi)始的，針對(duì)一些高頻詞和語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)，則需要更多的時(shí)間去理解和整理。
考研英語(yǔ)必背長(zhǎng)難詞 1
multinational [mlti:nnl] a.多國(guó)的，跨國(guó)公司的;n.跨國(guó)公司
[真題例句] Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982.Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly.[2001年閱讀4]
[例句精譯] 跨國(guó)公司在1982年只占有國(guó)際貿(mào)易不到20%的.份額。而現(xiàn)在，這個(gè)數(shù)字上升到25%強(qiáng)，并且還在迅速上升。
mathematician [mθmtn] n.數(shù)學(xué)家
[真題例句] As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked “anti-science” in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R.Gross, a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.[1998年閱讀3]
[例句精譯] 由于科研經(jīng)費(fèi)減少，科學(xué)家已出了幾本書(shū)來(lái)抨擊“反科學(xué)”勢(shì)力，比較著名的有弗吉尼亞大學(xué)生物學(xué)家保羅·R·格羅斯和拉特格斯大學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)家諾曼·萊維特合著的《高級(jí)迷信》及康奈爾大學(xué)的卡爾·薩根著的《鬼怪世界》。
materialistic [mtrilstk] a.唯物論的，唯物主義的
[真題例句] In America, the move away from juggling to a simpler, less materialistic lifestyle is a well-established trend.[2001年閱讀5]
[例句精譯] 在美國(guó)，擺脫忙碌，轉(zhuǎn)而過(guò)一種簡(jiǎn)單、不大物質(zhì)化的生活已成明確趨勢(shì)。
考研英語(yǔ)必背長(zhǎng)難詞 2
insignificant [nsgnfknt] a.無(wú)關(guān)緊要的，可忽略的，無(wú)意義的
[真題例句] An argument made by supporters of smoking was that_____.[2005年閱讀2]
[B] the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant.
[例句精譯] 吸煙支持者所持的一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是_____。
[B] 過(guò)去幾十年因吸煙而死亡的數(shù)字無(wú)關(guān)緊要
insensitivity [insenstiviti] n.不敏感
[真題例句] The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it (14：inefficient) to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can (15：create) new receptors if necessary.[2005年完形]
[例句精譯] 對(duì)氣味不敏感的解釋或許是，大腦似乎覺(jué)得讓所有的嗅覺(jué)接收器每時(shí)每刻都工作效率太低，只在必要時(shí)激活一些新的'嗅覺(jué)接收器。
informational [infmeinl] a.報(bào)告的，情報(bào)的
[真題例句] In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated.[1995年閱讀3]
[例句精譯] 在這樣一個(gè)不斷變化的復(fù)雜社會(huì)里，以前獲取信息的簡(jiǎn)單方法變得復(fù)雜了。
industrialize/-se [indstrilaiz] v.(使)工業(yè)化
[真題例句] With optimism characteristic of all industrialized countries, we came to accept that everyone is fit to be educated.[1999年閱讀3]
[例句精譯] 隨著工業(yè)化給國(guó)家?guī)?lái)的特有樂(lè)觀精神，我們已經(jīng)接受人人都適合受教育的觀念。
考研英語(yǔ)必背長(zhǎng)難詞 3
homogenization [hmdnazen] n.(均)勻化，同質(zhì)化
[真題例句] The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.[2006年閱讀1]
[例句精譯] 媒體、廣告和運(yùn)動(dòng)是均一化過(guò)程中的其他因素。
generalization [denrlzen] n.一般化，普遍化，概括，廣義性
[真題例句] “Benefits” have been weighed (40：against) “harmful” outcomes.And generalizations have proved difficult.[2002年完形]
[例句精譯] 人們?cè)跈?quán)衡利害關(guān)系。很難得出結(jié)論。
fundamentalist [fndmentlist] n.原教旨主義者
[真題例句] Virtually all scientists and the majority of non-fundamentalist religious leaders have come to regard “scientific” creationism as bad science and bad religion.[1996年閱讀5]
[例句精譯] 實(shí)際上，所有科學(xué)家和大多數(shù)非原教旨主義宗教領(lǐng)袖們都已將“科學(xué)”創(chuàng)世論看做是拙劣的'科學(xué)和拙劣的宗教。
electronically [lektrnkli] ad.電子地
[真題例句] It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on _____.[2001年閱讀2]
[A] how well-developed it is electronically
[例句精譯]現(xiàn)在看來(lái)，一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)似乎很大程度上取決于_____。
[A] 該國(guó)在電子方面的發(fā)展程度有多高
考研英語(yǔ)必背長(zhǎng)難詞 4
forgetfulness [fgetflnis] n.遺忘
[真題例句] From the last paragraph we know that _____.[1995年閱讀5]
[A] forgetfulness is a response to learning
[例句精譯]從最后一段，我們了解到：_____。
[A] 遺忘是對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的反應(yīng)
fashionedness [fndnis] n.樣式，風(fēng)格
[真題例句] The description of Russians’ love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s _____.[2005年閱讀4] [D] contempt for their old-fashionedness.
[例句精譯]描述俄羅斯人喜歡記憶詩(shī)歌說(shuō)明作者_(dá)____。 [D] 輕視他們的守舊
establishment [istblimnt] n.建立，設(shè)立，建立的機(jī)構(gòu)(或組織)
[真題例句] This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.[1996年翻譯]
[例句精譯] 這種趨勢(shì)始于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，當(dāng)時(shí)一些國(guó)家的政府得出結(jié)論：政府要向科研機(jī)構(gòu)提出的'具體要求通常是無(wú)法詳盡預(yù)見(jiàn)的。
extravagantly [ikstrvgntli] ad.揮霍無(wú)度地
[真題例句] 59. In contrast to the US, Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care _____.[2003年閱讀4] [B] more extravagantly
[例句精譯] 59、與美國(guó)人相比，日本人和瑞典人投資醫(yī)療護(hù)理的資金_____。 [B] 更過(guò)分
考研英語(yǔ)必背長(zhǎng)難詞 5
interactivity [ntrktv] n.互動(dòng)性
[真題例句] The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon.com, and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers.[1999年閱讀2]
[例句精譯] 像Virtual Vineyards和Amazon.com及其他開(kāi)拓者的例子說(shuō)明：一個(gè)銷(xiāo)售適類(lèi)商品的網(wǎng)站，如果將交互性、熱情服務(wù)、安全性合理結(jié)合，肯定會(huì)吸引網(wǎng)上用戶(hù)的。
intentionally [ntennl] ad.有意地，故意地
[真題例句] Nevertheless Williams’s suit charged that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling” intentionally worked to “l(fā)ure” him to “engage in conduct against his will” well.[2006年新題型]
[例句精譯] 然而威廉姆斯還是控告娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)，明知道他“不可救藥地上癮”還故意“誘惑”他“違背他自己的意愿參加”。
intelligently [intelidntli] ad.聰明地
[真題例句] In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.[1996年閱讀1]
[例句精譯] 為找工作做籌劃，從你自己開(kāi)始，因?yàn)橹挥挟?dāng)你確切知道你可以提供什么服務(wù)，你才可能明智地籌劃到哪兒去兜售你的服務(wù)。
institutional [nstitju:nl] a.組織機(jī)構(gòu)的
[真題例句] As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as well as (33：institutional) , with display becoming sharper and storage (34：capacity) increasing.[2002年完形]
[例句精譯] 隨著時(shí)間的發(fā)展，電腦變得越來(lái)越小，也越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大。現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)了個(gè)人電腦，也出現(xiàn)了適用于各種組織機(jī)構(gòu)的`大型機(jī)，它的顯示分辨率越來(lái)越高，存儲(chǔ)能力越來(lái)越強(qiáng)。
考研英語(yǔ)必背長(zhǎng)難詞 6
1.microbiologist [makrbaldst] n.微生物學(xué)家
[真題例句] “I have great confidence that by the end of the decade we’ll know in vast detail how cancer cells arise, ”says microbiologist Robert Weinberg, an expert on cancer.[1994年閱讀4]
[例句精譯] 微生物學(xué)家羅伯特·溫伯格也是一位癌癥專(zhuān)家，他說(shuō)“我有極大的信心相信到這個(gè)十年期結(jié)束時(shí)我們將會(huì)詳盡地知曉癌細(xì)胞的.生成原因，”
2.interpretation [nt:pritein] n.①解釋?zhuān)U明;②口譯，通譯
[真題例句] Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.[1995年閱讀5]
[例句精譯] 然而，進(jìn)化論的解釋可能會(huì)使人難以理解普遍的漸進(jìn)遺忘過(guò)程是如何在自然選擇中幸存下來(lái)的。
3.infrastructure [infrstrkt，nfrstrkt(r)] n.基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施
[真題例句] The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’re going to be.[2001年閱讀2]
[例句精譯] 你擁有的去建造第三次浪潮基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(今天主要指電子基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)的外國(guó)資金越多，那么你的情況就越好。
4.implementation [mplmnte-n] n.執(zhí)行
[真題例句] Also common in the natural sciences , the technicist fallacy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its technical implementation.[1999年翻譯]
[例句精譯] 在自然科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，這種現(xiàn)象也很普遍，技術(shù)謬誤錯(cuò)誤地將歷史研究技術(shù)實(shí)施過(guò)程中的某些過(guò)程當(dāng)成了歷史研究的整體。
考研英語(yǔ)必背長(zhǎng)難詞 7
traditionally [trdinli] ad.傳統(tǒng)地，慣例地
[真題例句] Stratford cries poor traditionally.[2006年閱讀2]
[例句精譯] 斯特福特歷來(lái)愛(ài)哭窮。
technological [trdinli] a.科技的
[真題例句] There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow.[2001年閱讀2]
[例句精譯] 一些技術(shù)上的因素使我們有理由期望差異會(huì)縮小。
supercomputer [sju:pkmpju:t] n.超型計(jì)算機(jī)
[真題例句] According to BT’s futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of 1000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.[2001年翻譯]
[例句精譯] 根據(jù)BT的未來(lái)學(xué)家皮遜所預(yù)見(jiàn)，這些都在新千年前幾十年發(fā)展計(jì)劃之內(nèi)，那時(shí)，超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)將急劇加速生活各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的.發(fā)展。
substantially [sbstnl] ad.①主要地;②實(shí)質(zhì)上地
[真題例句] In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially (②) from regular programs.[1994年閱讀3]
[例句精譯] 作為回應(yīng)，學(xué)校也在調(diào)整課程安排，使授課能夠適應(yīng)特殊兒童，適應(yīng)那些不能從常規(guī)課程中真正獲益的兒童的需要。
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