2015廣東高考英語(yǔ)試題及答案解析
I 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)及應(yīng)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié) 完形填空(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1~15各題所給的A、B 、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在 答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is ___1___ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live —— if he or she is ___2___ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce ___3___. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and ___4___ die.
Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a ___5___ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (壽命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!
When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the ___6___ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental ___7___ until after age 75.
People are living longer because more people ___8___ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood ___9___. Now that the chances of dying ___10___ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.
On the whole, our population is getting older. The ___11___ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see ___12___, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in ___13___ if not in age.
As the society grows old, we need the ___14___ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to ___15___ active and devoted.
1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered
2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely
3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately
4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately
5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier
6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing
7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure
8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value
9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases
10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet
11. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases
12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices
13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement
14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission
15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay
【答案】
1-5.ADCAB 6-10.DCADB 11-15.AB[ACD
6.D考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：作為中年和老年的分界線，65歲可能已經(jīng)過時(shí)了。finishing 完成;guiding 指導(dǎo)，指引;waiting 等待;dividing劃分。根據(jù)文意可知，把65歲當(dāng)做中年和老年的分界線，這已經(jīng)不適合現(xiàn)在的形勢(shì)了。dividing line分界線，故選D。
7.C考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：畢竟，很多老年人直到75歲之后才開始經(jīng)歷身體和精神的衰落。stress 壓力，壓迫;damage 損壞;decline 衰落，衰弱;failure失敗。根據(jù)句意可知，現(xiàn)在很多老年人是在75歲之后身體和精神才開始衰弱的，故選C。
8.A考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：現(xiàn)在人們活得更長(zhǎng)因?yàn)楦嗟娜藦耐曛行掖嫦聛?lái)。survive 幸存;enjoy 喜歡，欣賞;remember 記得;value價(jià)值，估價(jià)。根據(jù)這一段的內(nèi)容和the chances of living long are much higher due to a better diets and health care可知，現(xiàn)在的人平均壽命比以前更長(zhǎng)的一個(gè)原因是人們從童年的疾病中幸存了下來(lái)，故選A。
9.D考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)改變了自然的法則之前，很多孩子死于常見的兒童疾病。problems 問題;fears 恐懼，害怕;worries 擔(dān)心;diseases 疾病。根據(jù)句意可知，以前的人們因?yàn)楹芏嗥毡榈膬和膊《�，所以�?dǎo)致平均壽命比較低。故選D。
10.B考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)就更高了，因?yàn)橛辛烁玫娘嬍澈歪t(yī)學(xué)護(hù)理。poor 窮的;young 年輕的;sick 病的`;quiet 安靜的。根據(jù)這一段的意思可知，以前人們?cè)谛〉臅r(shí)候就因?yàn)樯∷廊チ�，dying young就是年少死去。故選B。
11.A考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：人口結(jié)構(gòu)的改變會(huì)對(duì)我們社會(huì)的發(fā)展和我們的生活方式有持續(xù)的影響。changes 改變;recovery 恢復(fù);safety 安全;increases 增長(zhǎng)，增加。根據(jù)下文中Some people fear such changes will…可知，我們現(xiàn)在的人口結(jié)構(gòu)改變了，故選A。
12.B考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：一些人擔(dān)心這個(gè)改變將會(huì)帶來(lái)一些壞處，然而還有一些人看到的是機(jī)會(huì)，而不是災(zāi)難。dreams 夢(mèng)想;chances 機(jī)會(huì);strengths 力量;choices 選擇。根據(jù)句意可知，這句話中的while 表示對(duì)比，即跟前一種人不一樣的看法，故選B。
13.A考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：現(xiàn)在，很多處在“黃金年齡”的男士和女士，身體都非常健康，仍然積極，心態(tài)也很年輕。mind 心態(tài);appearance 外表;voice 聲音;movement移動(dòng)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里應(yīng)該是說雖然年齡老了，但是心態(tài)依然年輕，故選A。
14.C考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：隨著我們的社會(huì)老齡化，我們需要這些老年公民們的貢獻(xiàn)。protection 保護(hù);suggestions 建議;contributions 貢獻(xiàn);permission允許。根據(jù)文意可知，現(xiàn)在的社會(huì)逐漸老齡化，因此老年人也要繼續(xù)給我們的社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)，故選C。
15.D考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：前面還有很長(zhǎng)的壽命，他們需要保持積極的心態(tài)和奉獻(xiàn)的精神。sound 聽起來(lái);appear 好像;出現(xiàn);turn 轉(zhuǎn)，變成;stay保持。根據(jù)文意可知，現(xiàn)在人們的壽命更長(zhǎng)了，因此老年人也要繼續(xù)保持積極心態(tài)，為我們的社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)。故應(yīng)選D。
【考點(diǎn)定位】社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類短文。
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