英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)聽(tīng)力長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)五大對(duì)策
一、主題原則（前二后二回合必出，一問(wèn)一答為一回合）
主題句常常在對(duì)話(huà)的開(kāi)頭，對(duì)整篇對(duì)話(huà)的大意起到概括和提示的作用，實(shí)際上是說(shuō)話(huà)人所談?wù)摰闹行脑?huà)題；長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)的第一題很可能針對(duì)對(duì)話(huà)的開(kāi)頭提問(wèn)。
結(jié)尾處往往涉及到建議、決定或某種行為等，它對(duì)整個(gè)對(duì)話(huà)起到一個(gè)總結(jié)的作用。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)的最后一題經(jīng)常是針對(duì)對(duì)話(huà)的結(jié)尾設(shè)題，故留意結(jié)尾回合中的關(guān)鍵動(dòng)詞就成了解題的關(guān)鍵。
【例1】(07年6月 19題)
[A] To go sightseeing.
[B] To have meetings.
[C] To promote a new champagne.
[D] To join in a training program.
【原文重現(xiàn)】
M: Hi, Ann, welcome back. How’s your trip to the states?
W: Very busy, [19]I had a lot of meetings. ...
19. Why did the woman go to New York?
【答案解析】
選[B]。細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話(huà)一開(kāi)始，男士就問(wèn)女士去美國(guó)的旅行怎么樣，女士回答說(shuō)很忙，她had a lot of meetings(要參加很多會(huì)議)，由此可知女士去紐約是去參加會(huì)議。
二、提問(wèn)常出（聽(tīng)見(jiàn)什么選什么）
長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)中，對(duì)話(huà)雙方往往出現(xiàn)多個(gè)一問(wèn)一答，而這恰好成為了長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)的一個(gè)出題重點(diǎn)，文章結(jié)束后的問(wèn)題往往就是對(duì)話(huà)原文中提問(wèn)的原文復(fù)現(xiàn)或是同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此聽(tīng)清對(duì)話(huà)中緊接問(wèn)題之后的答語(yǔ)基本可做出七成以上的題，如果不是為了追求滿(mǎn)分，考場(chǎng)上完全可以遵循"聽(tīng)見(jiàn)什么選什么，"尤其是在題多量大時(shí)間短的情況下。
【例2】(07年6月 25題)
[A] Data collection.
[B] Training consultancy.
[C] Corporate management.
[D] Information processing.
【原文重現(xiàn)】
W: What’s your line of business, Mr. Johnson?
M: We are a training consultancy.
25. What is the man’s line of business?
【答案解析】
選[B]。細(xì)節(jié)題。女士的提問(wèn)即為本題的.提問(wèn)，答案就在男士接下來(lái)的回答中。女士問(wèn)男士What’s your line of business(做哪一行)，男士回答說(shuō)We are a training consultancy(我們是培訓(xùn)咨詢(xún)公司),由此可知答案為[B]。
三、重讀常出
對(duì)話(huà)的核心內(nèi)容理應(yīng)會(huì)得到說(shuō)話(huà)人的強(qiáng)調(diào)，最為有效的強(qiáng)調(diào)方式莫過(guò)于重復(fù)，而且重復(fù)的詞語(yǔ)往往能夠揭示對(duì)話(huà)的主題。因此對(duì)那些對(duì)話(huà)雙方多次提到的詞語(yǔ)或內(nèi)容應(yīng)進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)記憶。
【例3】(四六級(jí)考試委員會(huì)樣卷-22題)
[A]The latest developments of an armed rebellion in Karnak.
[B]The fall of Karnak’s capital city into the hands of the rebel forces.
[C]The epidemic that has just broken out in the country of Karnak.
[D]The peace talks between the rebels and the government in Karnak.
【原文重現(xiàn)】
W: We now interrupt our regular scheduled news program to bring you live up-to-date coverage on the civil unrest in the newly formed country of Karnak, where our man Stan Fielding is stationed. Stan ...
M: ..., rebel forces launched the biggest offensive against the ruling government in the 18-month conflict here in this country.
M:..., rebel forces are also using heavy artillery to pound the positions of government forces around the city center. Rebel forces are closing in, ...
M: ... this war-torn country ..., but that is always a concern if this war lingers on.
22.What is the news coverage mainly about?
【答案解析】
選[A]。主旨題。主旨題的答案往往在開(kāi)頭或結(jié)尾，而本題的答案即出自開(kāi)頭的第一句。選項(xiàng)中的latest(最新的)對(duì)應(yīng)該句中的live up-to-date(最新直播)，armed rebellion(武裝叛亂)對(duì)應(yīng)unrest(動(dòng)亂)。另外，對(duì)話(huà)的主題往往會(huì)得到多次重復(fù)，因此根據(jù)后面多次出現(xiàn)的rebel forces, conflict, war等與"叛亂"相關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)，也可判斷本題答案為[A]。
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