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2016英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題
Words: 1,062
Sugar—Friend VS Enemy
A) Sugar is everywhere. It’s in our drinks, it’s in our foods, and it’s hidden in places we never would think of. Many would call sugar their friend in time of need, but in fact their so-called “good friend” could turn out to be their worst enemy in disguise. Sugar for many is something they may have been battling with for a long time. Here’s a simple three-step process to help you start to win back the battle for your health.
B) The first step is to be aware of what sugar really does to your body. Most people will say they “know” that they shouldn’t have sugar, but they really can’t help it. To me that is a lack of true awareness of what sugar does to oneself. I don+t think many people will say that they want to hurt their body on purpose, but unless they know it’s really happening they will continue down that road. Sugar is slower to impact our health, and it，s that slow destructive process that is the most dangerous. Unfortunately, most people don’t know the damage until it has already been done.
C) Sugar increases fat storing. Possibly the most important hormone in the body is insulin (胰島素)，when it comes to weight loss and health. Insulin is the main hormone that we have full control over daily through our diet and lifestyle. When we eat sugar and it enters into our bloodstream too quickly, we have a spike in blood sugar levels. Now in times of high activity we are able to burn it off, but if we are sitting around this is not a good thing. So in response to that high level of blood sugar, the body will release more insulin into the bloodstream. Insulin will then take the excess glucose (葡萄糖)and try to find a place to store it. If your muscles are all full or have insulin resistance) then the best place to put the excess glucose is fat cells. When insulin is high, the fat cells are told to shut down any process of releasing stored fat into the blood for burning. With chronic high insulin spikes comes a resistance to it by your cells, leading to more insulin production, leading to more fat storing, and more resistance, eventually going down a road of diabetes and ill health for the whole body.
D) Sugar also disrupts normal brain function. I think most people can relate to mood swings and energy highs/lows that come after a high sugar meal. Sugar can also be the source of many people’s increased anxiety and depression. Let us not also forget the kids with ever-increasing attention “disorders” and behavioral issues. Sugar is not helping with that, either. In fact, there have been many studies that show when taking sugar out of a kid’s diet and increasing fat intake, their attention ability increases, their behavior changes for the better.
E) Sugar decreases your overall health and makes you age quicker. Too much sugar will lower your overall immune system increase destructive inflammation, lead to essential mineral deficiencies in the body, feed bad bacteria growth in your gut and other wonderful stuff. Aging is just a fancy word for the body breaking down quicker than it can repair itself, as that is what happens when we get older. Aging also is accelerated by the increasing risks of all degenerative diseases such as diabetes, osteoporosis, heart disease and cancers. We are all going to get older, but it doesn’t mean that we have to “age” quicker.
F) The second step is to realize you are in 100% control of your actions. This could be the most underrated yet the most important step, as we are the only person who controls what we put into our body. Everything starts in what we choose to put in our mouths. Some people may say they can’t control their sugar cravings, but that is already admitting defeat and giving up power to some “cosmic sugar influence” out there. We can pass on dessert, we don’t need to buy a candy bar, we can drink water instead of soda, but the choice is ours to make.
G) Also many like to call it an “addiction”. This is just another way to give up your own personal power of choice. While sugar can have “addictive like” qualities, it’s not something that you own or is a part of you. Fight the battle and you will get over the addictive feelings, they will go away. But if you call it an addiction and make it part of you, then it is yours to keep forever. Be free from it, let go. Take back control and anything is possible.
H) The third step is to just live the daily journey one choice at a time. Life is just a series of present moments, and the choices we make in those moments. So let，s just focus on what we can do right now instead of worrying about what has happened in the past or may or may not happen in the future. “Now” is all we have and all we need to focus on.
I) Choose to eat more natural foods. Choose whole food proteins, healthy fats and natural sources of carbohydrates. If it wasn’t around a thousand years ago or is made by man (and not nature), chances are you don’t need it. Note how it says “Choose” above, as it is your choice. Find the hidden sources of sugars and remove them. Sugar is hidden in places such as sauces, ketchup, soups, processed foods, drinks, so called health bars, and more. Become a label reader and see how much sugar you are consistently putting into your body. Don’t fall for the marketing trick either of “low fat”, because that usually means “more sugar”.
1. We are able to lower blood sugar levels by taking part in intense activities.
2. If you consider sugar as an addiction and call it something that you own, you won"t get rid of it forever.
3. In the author’s opinion, the reason why many people can$t help having sugar is that they are unaware of its danger.
4. When insulin in the bloodstream is high, fat cells will stop releasing stored fat.
5. The author believes that sugar which we called “good friend” in time of need in fact is a hidden enemy.
6. Many studies show that sugar-free diets with more fat can improve children’s attention ability.
7. The truth that we get older is that our body breaks down faster than it can be self¬repaired.
8. You yield to your addictive feelings, which means you give up your own personal power of choice.
9. The author believes that taking high sugar meals may result in mood fluctuation.
10. To be healthy, what we should do now is to eat natural foods and get rid of the hidden sources of sugars.
文章精要
糖類食品無(wú)處不在，影響了人們的健康。作者建議人們做到以下三個(gè)步驟， 以保證健康的生活：第一，真正了解糖對(duì)人體的危害;第二，完全控制自己吃糖 的欲望;第三，做到健康飲食，遠(yuǎn)離糖類食品。
答案解析
1. c 本題是對(duì)c段第四、五句話的總結(jié)。文章提到，我們吃下的糖很快會(huì)進(jìn)人 血液中，導(dǎo)致體內(nèi)的血糖水平達(dá)到峰值，而進(jìn)行劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)可以降低這個(gè)峰 值。題目中的intense activities與文中的high activity同義;題目中的lower和 原文中的burn off屬于同義轉(zhuǎn)述。
2. G 本題信息來自G段倒數(shù)第三句話。題目中的consider…as對(duì)應(yīng)原文的call it;
題目中的call it something that you own 對(duì)應(yīng)原文的make it part of you;題目 中的won’t get rid of對(duì)應(yīng)原文的keep。
3. B 本題信息是對(duì)B段前三句的總結(jié)。文章指出，大多數(shù)人都知道不應(yīng)該吃糖，但是他們?nèi)滩蛔�，在作者看來，他們�(nèi)狈?duì)糖的害處的真正認(rèn)識(shí)。題 目中的 unaware of its danger是對(duì)原文 lack of true awareness of what sugar does to oneself的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。
4. C 本題信息來自C段倒數(shù)第二句話。文章指出，當(dāng)血液中胰島素的含量很高時(shí)，脂肪細(xì)胞就會(huì)停止將儲(chǔ)存的脂肪釋放到血液中消耗掉，題目中的stop 對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的shut down any process of。
5. A 本題信息來自A段的第三句話，此句是一個(gè)用but連接的前后語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)折句。
文章指出，很多人在需要糖的時(shí)候把它們當(dāng)作朋友，但事實(shí)上，糖是披著 “好朋友”外衣的最糟糕的敵人，題目中的hidden與原文中的in disguise相 對(duì)應(yīng)。
6. D 本題信息來自D段最后一句話。文章指出，事實(shí)上有許多研究表明，去掉兒童飲食中的糖分，增加脂肪攝入，可以增強(qiáng)他們的注意力。題目中的 sugar-free diets with more fat對(duì)應(yīng)原文的 when taking sugar out of a kid’s diet and increasing fat intake ;題目中的 improve children’s attention ability對(duì)應(yīng)原 文的their attention ability increases。
7. E 本題信息來自E段第三句話。文章提到，所謂衰老就是身體的衰退速度比
其自身的修復(fù)速度快，隨著我們年齡的增長(zhǎng)，衰老一直在進(jìn)行著。題目中 的The truth對(duì)應(yīng)原文的is just a fancy word for;題目中的faster than對(duì)應(yīng)原 文的quicker than。
8. F 本題信息來自F段第四句話。文章提到，許多人忍不住吃糖，把這稱之為上癮，其實(shí)這就是以另一種方式放棄了個(gè)人的選擇權(quán)�？梢岳斫獬赡悴荒� 控制自己的選擇，被欲望控制了。題目中的yield to對(duì)應(yīng)原文的defeat。
9. D 本題信息來自D段第二句話。文章提到，作者認(rèn)為大多數(shù)人在吃過含糖量高的食物后，都經(jīng)歷過情緒波動(dòng)，或者精力水平或高或低。題目中的result in對(duì)應(yīng)原文的relate to;題目中的mood fluctuation對(duì)應(yīng)原文的mood swings。
10. I本題信息來自I段的第一句話和第五句話。I段第一句話提到，我們要選擇吃綠色天然食品，接著提出要找到食物中隱藏的糖，然后將它們除掉。題 目中的get rid of對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的remove。
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