雅思英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解句型分析
在現(xiàn)實(shí)學(xué)習(xí)生活中，不管我們學(xué)什么，都需要掌握一些知識(shí)點(diǎn)，知識(shí)點(diǎn)在教育實(shí)踐中，是指對(duì)某一個(gè)知識(shí)的泛稱(chēng)。相信很多人都在為知識(shí)點(diǎn)發(fā)愁，下面是小編為大家整理的雅思英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解句型分析，歡迎大家分享。
1.Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to find. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Scott Hahn says…。high-quality sustainable…find為says的賓語(yǔ)。which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句which uses all-organic cotton修飾的是Rogan and Loomstate。cofounder with Gregory為Scott Hahn的同位語(yǔ)。
【譯文】Scott Hahn與Gregory同為使用全有機(jī)棉的Rogan和Loomstate公司的創(chuàng)始人，他聲稱(chēng)，高質(zhì)量的可持續(xù)使用面料仍然很難尋覓到。
2.Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and what your customers are used to,” he says. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Most designers…are finding…。there aren’t…used to為省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句。that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句that can just replace…修飾fabrics。what引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句what you’re doing和what your customers are used to作replace的賓語(yǔ)。
【譯文】他說(shuō)，“大多數(shù)現(xiàn)有品牌設(shè)計(jì)師發(fā)現(xiàn)，并沒(méi)有匹配的面料能代替你正用著的和顧客們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)的面料。”
3.Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs (企業(yè)家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為… Designers & Agents stopped charging…and gave special recognition…。who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句who attend its…York修飾entrepreneurs，whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句whose collections are…sustainable修飾designers。
【譯文】去年，頗具影響力的Designers & Agents對(duì)參加其在洛杉磯和紐約舉辦的兩次春季展覽的年輕環(huán)保企業(yè)家們實(shí)行免費(fèi)入場(chǎng)，同時(shí)給予那些作品中包括至少四分之一可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)師們以特別表彰。
4.This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional (過(guò)渡型的) cotton at higher prices, thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Wal-Mart is set to announce a… initiative。aimed…organic為后置定語(yǔ)，修飾initiative。冒號(hào)后的句子it will buy…prices即initiative的內(nèi)容，相當(dāng)于initiative的同位語(yǔ)從句。helping to…sustainable作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。
【譯文】本周沃爾瑪特打算宣布一大重要舉措，旨在幫助種植棉花的農(nóng)民走有機(jī)種植之路：它將以稍高價(jià)收購(gòu)過(guò)渡型的棉花，以此幫助擴(kuò)大一種主要的可持續(xù)使用面料的供應(yīng)量。
5.Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand (縷) of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Scientists have devised a way…。a technique為a way的同位語(yǔ)。where引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句where…lived作determine的賓語(yǔ)。using…h(huán)air為現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語(yǔ)。that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句that…victims修飾technique。
【譯文】科學(xué)家已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)方法，憑借人的一縷頭發(fā)便能大致確定某人曾經(jīng)居住過(guò)的地點(diǎn)，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可能能夠幫助跟蹤鎖定犯罪嫌疑人或不明身份案件受害人的活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所。
6.Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為T(mén)odd Park said…。a local detective為T(mén)odd Park的同位語(yǔ)。the method has…為省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語(yǔ)從句，該賓語(yǔ)從句中又包含一個(gè)由whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句whose skeleton…Lake，修飾的是woman。
【譯文】當(dāng)?shù)氐膫商絋odd Park說(shuō)這個(gè)方法幫助他了解到關(guān)于一具在大鹽湖附近發(fā)現(xiàn)的不明身份女尸骸的更多信息。
7.He had a perfect résumé and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為He had a…résumé and gave…responses, but the fact…said untrustworthy…so she decided…。從句that he never looked her in the eye為the fact的同位語(yǔ)。and連接He的兩個(gè)謂賓，but表轉(zhuǎn)折，so則表結(jié)果。
【譯文】這位應(yīng)試者的履歷非常完美，并且對(duì)她的問(wèn)題回答得不錯(cuò)，但是，他不敢正視她這一事實(shí)意味著“不值得信賴(lài)”，因此她決定把工作留給第二個(gè)候選人。
8.When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past, from the media, peers, family, friends, etc., we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed (有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主句為we begin to realize…，從句為When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句When we…etc.。主句中包括一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句that some…values，作realize的賓語(yǔ)。從句中包含了一個(gè)由what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句what we think，作challenge的賓語(yǔ)；而think后又帶了一個(gè)省略引導(dǎo)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句we have learned from…etc.。
【譯文】當(dāng)我們開(kāi)始質(zhì)疑自己的假設(shè)，并且向那些我們認(rèn)為是從我們的過(guò)去、媒體、同輩、家人、朋友等那里學(xué)到的東西發(fā)出挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候，我們就開(kāi)始意識(shí)到我們的結(jié)論有些是有缺陷的，或者說(shuō)與我們的基本價(jià)值是相違背的。
9.We need to train ourselves to think differently, shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us, creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為We need to…。to后帶了三個(gè)并列的不定式，分別是train ourselves to think，shift our mindsets和realize，而that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句that diversity opens…us則作realize的賓語(yǔ)。creating…communities作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，該狀語(yǔ)中又包括一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的`定語(yǔ)從句that benefit everyone，修飾的是opportunities。
【譯文】我們需要訓(xùn)練自己用不同的思維方式去思考，轉(zhuǎn)變我們的思維，并且意識(shí)到多元化的大門(mén)向我們每一個(gè)人開(kāi)放，這樣就能創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)，使組織和社區(qū)中的每一個(gè)人都受益。
10.They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, ‘Geez, if it could happen to him, …’(2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主句為T(mén)hey only come in，從句為when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。從句中包含兩個(gè)由and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)a friend drops dead和they think…�！瓽eez…’為think的賓語(yǔ)，該賓語(yǔ)的省略號(hào)里其實(shí)省略了與it could happen to him結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)應(yīng)的it could happen to me too。
【譯文】某個(gè)朋友在打高爾夫時(shí)猝死，他們會(huì)想：‘天啊，如果這能在他身上發(fā)生……’，只有這個(gè)時(shí)候他們才會(huì)來(lái)(醫(yī)院)。
Yale professor and Harvard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. (2007年12月)
【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為T(mén)ian Xu directs a research center。主語(yǔ)前面的部分都是它的同位語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明身份。focused on作后置定語(yǔ)修飾research center；at Shanghai’s Fudan University是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；in collaboration with…則是方式狀語(yǔ)。
【譯文】由徐天教授(耶魯大學(xué)教授，霍華德??休斯醫(yī)學(xué)院研究員)所負(fù)責(zé)的人類(lèi)疾病遺傳學(xué)研究中心坐落在上海的復(fù)旦大學(xué)，其工作人員由耶魯和復(fù)旦兩所大學(xué)共同派人組成。
11.He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為He believes…diseases…could be addressed…。that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句that commonly affect men修飾most diseases。by preventive check-ups為be addressed的方式狀語(yǔ)。
【譯文】他相信，那些經(jīng)常感染男性的疾病大多數(shù)都可以通過(guò)預(yù)防性的檢查來(lái)處理掉。
12.Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, coworkers, strangers — and anyone who will listen. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Shoppers seldom complain to…but…will alert…。破折號(hào)在這里起到強(qiáng)調(diào)或引起別人注意破折號(hào)后面要說(shuō)的話的作用。在破折號(hào)后，who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句who will listen修飾的是anyone。
【譯文】顧客很少向經(jīng)理或者零售店的老板投訴，相反，他們會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)而向他們的朋友、親戚、同事、陌生人——以及任何可以聽(tīng)到的人吐苦水。
13.This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句，主干為T(mén)his guidance eliminated the need…and avoided confrontation…。eyeing the same parking space為現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾those。
【譯文】這些引導(dǎo)消除了顧客在停車(chē)場(chǎng)無(wú)盡地兜圈子的必要，而且避免了顧客之間因搶占空車(chē)位而引發(fā)的沖突。
14.Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filling complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句，主干為Customers can…improve…experiences。方式狀語(yǔ)by filling complaints to the retailer修飾improve future shopping experiences。instead of表示否定，其前后成分結(jié)構(gòu)一致，complaining前其實(shí)省略了by。
【譯文】顧客也可以通過(guò)向零售商投訴來(lái)改善今后的購(gòu)物體驗(yàn)，而不是向全世界其他的人抱怨。
15.A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.(2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主句為A code of conduct is hard to create，從句為when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when you’re living…last。從句中又包括兩個(gè)由介詞in加which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句in which everyone is…sleep和in which nice…last，先行詞均為a world。
【譯文】當(dāng)你生活在一個(gè)每個(gè)人都因加班工作、缺乏睡眠而筋疲力盡的社會(huì)，在一個(gè)好人最后總是吃虧的社會(huì)時(shí)，很難創(chuàng)造出一套行為準(zhǔn)則。
16.This jumping to our children’s defence is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s children. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為…jumping to our children’s defence is part of…。what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句what fuels…feelings作of的賓語(yǔ)。that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句that surrounds…children修飾feeling。
【譯文】這種對(duì)孩子的急切保護(hù)，加劇了我們?cè)谔幚韯e人孩子的事情時(shí)，那種“在蛋殼上行走”的感覺(jué)。
17.Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you’ll die on average five years before a woman. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為 you’ll die…。Assuming…term 為條件狀語(yǔ)。about 78 years for men in Australia作插入語(yǔ)，是對(duì)natural term的解釋說(shuō)明，去掉后，句子的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義仍完整。
【譯文】假定你有幸活到了生命的自然盡頭——在澳大利亞男性大概是78歲——你平均也要比女性早去世五年。
18.Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man。 who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾 a 50-year-old man。delay后常接動(dòng)名詞，表示“推遲做某事”。smoker’s cough指吸煙引起的咳嗽。
【譯文】?jī)蓚�(gè)月前，古麗塔遇見(jiàn)一位50歲的男人，他耽擱了一年而未對(duì)吸煙引起的咳嗽做任何處理。
19.Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，according to…是介詞短語(yǔ)。conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School作后置定語(yǔ)修飾a study。the last one to do sth.意為“最后一個(gè)做某事的人”。
【譯文】據(jù)沃德集團(tuán)和沃頓商學(xué)院所做的一份聯(lián)合調(diào)查顯示，商店經(jīng)理總是最后一個(gè)接到投訴，并且通常是當(dāng)他們的常客決定定期光顧他們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手時(shí)才發(fā)現(xiàn)。
20.“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly,” said Professor Stephen Hoch. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句中的直接引語(yǔ)為復(fù)合句。句子主干為Retailers are more likely to smooth over issues than those, more…than是比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)。第一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾Retailers，第二個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾those。
【譯文】史提芬??霍克教授說(shuō)：“與那些態(tài)度不友好的零售商相比，能夠及時(shí)作出反應(yīng)且態(tài)度友好的零售商更有可能平息事端�！�
雅思英語(yǔ)閱讀及翻譯
Introduction： Anna is burning the candle at both ends – in other words she’s working from early until late preparing for the launch of their latest product – the Imperial Lemon. Denise is concerned about her working overtime, something she would never consider doing. But will Anna's extra efforts pay off or will she end up selling bananas instead of lemons?Hints:LemonsDeniseTom
And I left out my elephant mug and my lady-curve nail file. They better not have stolen them.But it's premium, premium, faux-orange premium. Anna? It's Anna, she's asleep. Anna.Oh, Lemons. Denise? Tom? Have you spent the night asleep at your desk Anna? Is it morning? Oh dear, yes I think so. Well, at least we haven't been burgled then. Anna, you've really been burning the candle at both ends lately. Yes, you've been doing hours and hours of overtime. Most people get their work done within office hours and anyway, we don't pay overtime here. You'll never find me working late.Yes, I'd noticed that actually Denise. But this presentation must be perfect. If you're not careful, you'll burn out. Then you'll really be of no use to anyone. You'll be as useful as a chocolate teapot.
我留下了我的大象杯子和我的女性指甲文件。他們最好不要把它們偷了。但它非常優(yōu)質(zhì)，優(yōu)質(zhì)，假的橙色的獎(jiǎng)品。Anna。Anna她睡著了。檸檬。Denise？Tom？你整晚都在桌子旁邊睡嗎Anna？早上了嗎？天啊，我認(rèn)為是。至少我們沒(méi)有被偷竊。Anna，你遲早會(huì)累得趴下的。是的，你已經(jīng)加班很多個(gè)小時(shí)了。很多人都在工作時(shí)間內(nèi)把工作做完，不管怎么樣，我們都不會(huì)在這里加班。你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)找到我在這里工作。是的，我注意到這實(shí)際上是Denise。但這個(gè)報(bào)告肯定會(huì)完美的。如果你不小心，你會(huì)筋疲力竭的。然后你對(duì)任何人都沒(méi)有用了，你就像一個(gè)巧克力茶壺那么好用。
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