2017英語四級閱讀考前訓練及答案

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　　2017英語四級閱讀考前訓練及答案

　　英語四級閱讀訓練及答案一

　　"Culture shock" occurs as a result of total immersion (浸沒) in a new culture. It happens to "people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. " Newcomers may be anxious because they do not speak the language, know the customs, or understand people's behavior in daily life. The visitor finds that "yes" may not always mean "yes", that friendliness does not necessarily mean friendship, or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended as jokes. The foreigner may be unsure as to when to shake hands, when to start conversations, or how to approach a stranger. The notion of "culture shock" helps explain feelings of bewilderment and disorientation. Language problems do not account for all the frustrations that people feel. When one is deprived of everything that was once so familiar, such as understanding a transportation system, knowing how to register for university classes, or knowing how to make friends, difficulties in coping with the new society may arise.

　　"... when an individual enters a strange culture, he or she is like fish out of water, " Newcomers feel at times that they do not belong to and feel alienated from the native members of the culture. When this happens visitors may want to reject everything about the new environment and may glorify and exaggerate the positive aspects of their own culture. Conversely visitors may scorn their native country by rejecting its values and instead choosing to identify with (if only temporarily) the value of the new country. This may occur as an attempt to over-identify with the new culture in order to be accepted by the people in it.

　　◆The expression "he or she is like fish out of water" suggests_______.

　　A. people away from their cultures can hardly survive in a new culture

　　B. a fish can not survive without water

　　C. people away from their culture experience mental isolation

　　D. people away from their culture have difficulties in their studies

　　◆ In order to identify with the new environment, some people may_______.

　　A. give an exaggerated picture of their own country

　　B. criticize the positive aspects of their own country

　　C. abandon their original beliefs

　　D. accept a temporary set of values

　　◆Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the author?

　　A. Homesickness results in culture shock.

　　B. A typical symptom of culture shock is confusion.

　　C. Culture shock is the explanation of anxiety.

　　D. Culture shock happens to foreign students only.

　　◆Newcomers may worry about_________.

　　A. their ignorance of the alien customs

　　B. their knowledge of "yes" in the native language

　　C. their understanding of friendship

　　D. their control of their behavior

　　◆When the foreign visitor is immersed in new problems he finds hard to cope with, he is most likely to feel_______.

　　A. uninsured B. deprived

　　C. alienated D. disappointed

　　答案： C B B A C

　　英語四級閱讀訓練及答案二

　　The future population will be older than today, and this in turn will change the patterns of social demands. However, Mexico will still be far from the "aging societies" that will most likely prevail (占優(yōu)勢 ) in the industrialized countries. In less than 25 years, the country will have to add almost as much infrastructure as it has already built up to now, simply to maintain services and production at the current levels. This will be a tremendous challenge, although a similar one was faced successfully in the recent past, when available infrastructure was doubled in two decades or so. It is no wonder that much has been said about the need to reduce or preferably halt Mexico's population control which is taken for granted as both good and necessary. It has also gained supporters in the developing world, and Mexico is no exception. But the arguments about population are complicated, as the following discussion illustrates.

　　Even if Mexico's population reaches 125 million by the year 2010, its population density is still smaller than the 1985 population density of some 50 countries. By international standards Mexico will still not be overpopulated by the year 2010. If wealth is generated by people, the more individuals there are, the greater the wealth that potentially could be generated. Why should Mexico control its population at density levels below those of the richer countries if more population represents the possibility of generating more wealth?

　　On the other hand, it is often pointed out that once sustainability(支撐力) limits are near or are reached, there are decreasing productivity gains (or,perhaps more accurately, increasing productive losses) , and people become a cost rather than an asset. If we assume that there are sustainability limits and that we are close to reaching these limits at a world level, then it is appropriate to check population growth.

　　◆According to the passage, the population argument is focused on_______.

　　A. whether more people are a property or a cost

　　B. whether Mexico should control its population growth or not

　　C. whether the density of population in Mexico is large or small

　　D. what the standard international sustainability limit is

　　◆ Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?

　　A. Mexico has stepped into an aging society.

　　B. It is not necessary for Mexico to control its population.

　　C. Mexico population is younger than that of developed countries.

　　D. It is not necessary for Mexico to develop its infrastructure.

　　◆By "infrastructure"(Para. 2) the author means_______.

　　A. buildings

　　B. the basic framework of a country, such as schools, services, etc.

　　C. social demands

　　D. services and production

　　◆ It may be inferred from the 3rd paragraph that_______.

　　A. it isn't necessary for Mexico to control its population growth

　　B. population is likely to grow at a slower pace than in the past

　　C. the more people there are, the greater the wealth people could generate

　　D. Mexico should control its population growth because she belongs to the developing countries

　　◆ To check population growth is necessary when_______.

　　A. there are decreasing productivity gains

　　B. there are increasing productivity losses

　　C. we are close to reaching the sustainability limits at a world level

　　D. people become a cost

　　答案： B C B A C